| Erivan Governorate (English) Эриванская губерния (Modern Russian) Эриванская губернія (Pre-1918 Russian) |
|
|---|---|
| Established | 1850 |
| Abolished | 1917 |
| Political status Region |
Governorate Caucasus |
| Area | |
| Area - Rank |
27,830 verst² n/a |
| Population (1897 census) | |
| Population - Rank - Density - Urban - Rural |
829,556 inhabitants n/a 29.8 inhab. / verst² n/a n/a |
| Government | |
| First Head Last Head |
n/a n/a |
Erivan Governorate (Old Russian: Эриванская губернія) was one of the guberniyas of the Russian Empire, with its centre in Erivan (present-day Yerevan). Its area was 27,830 sq. kilometres.[1] It roughly corresponded to what is now most of central Armenia, the Iğdır Province of Turkey, and Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan exclave. At the end of the 19th century it bordered with Persia, Ottoman Empire, Elisabethpol Governorate, Tiflis Governorate, and Kars Oblast. According to Russian cencuses, it was the only subdivision of the Russiam Empire where Armenians were the absolute majority of the population.
In 1828, the khanates of Erivan and the Nakhchivan became part of the Russian Empire in accordance with the Treaty of Turkmenchay. They were included into a single administrative unit named the Armenian oblast. In 1850 the oblast was reorganized into a governorate, and by 1872 it consisted of 7 uyezds. Louis Joseph Jérôme Napoléon (1864–1932), grandnephew of Napoleon I, was made governor in 1905 to help calm the governorate after the Armenian-Tatar conflicts.[2] In 1918 most of Erivan Governorate became part of the Democratic Republic of Armenia and later the Armenian SSR/current Armenia.
Contents |
Erivan Governorate consisted of the following uyezds:
| № | Uyezd | Uyezd town | Area, sq. km | Population (1897), thousand people. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alexandrapol | Alexandrapol | 3,759.8 | 168,435 |
| 2 | Nakhichevan | Nakhichevan | 3,858.8 | 86,878 |
| 3 | Novo-Bayazet | Novo-Bayazet | 6,123.8 | 112,111 |
| 4 | Surmalu | Igdir | 3,245.0 | 88,844 |
| 5 | Sharur-Daralagyoz | Sharur | 2,972.3 | 76,551 |
| 6 | Erivan | Erivan | 3,032.0 | 127,072 |
| 7 | Echmiadzin | Echmiadzin | 3,858.0 | 124,643 |
According to the Russian census of 1897, the Erivan Governorate had 829,556 inhabitants.[3] 56% of the governorate's population was Armenian, 37.5% was Azerbaijanis (referred to as Azerbaijani Tatars in the 1897 census).[4] The Azerbaijanis were in a majority in the Erivan, Nakhichevan, Sharur-Daralagyoz, and Surmali districts; the other three uyezds were predominantly Armenian. Other ethnic minorities included Kurds (5.9%), Russians (2.1%), as well as smaller numbers of Greeks, Georgians, Jews and Gypsies.[3]
Ethnic groups in Erivan Governorate according to 1897 Russian census.[5]
| Uyezd | Armenians | Azerbaijani | Kurds | Russians | Assyrians |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOTAL | 53,2% | 37,8% | 6,0% | 1,6% | ... |
| Alexandropol | 85,5% | 4,7% | 3,0% | 3,4% | ... |
| Nakhichevan | 34,4% | 63,7% | ... | ... | ... |
| Novo-Bayazet | 66,3% | 28,3% | 2,4% | 2,2% | ... |
| Surmalu | 30,4% | 46,5% | 21,4% | ... | ... |
| Sharur-Daralagyoz | 27,1% | 67,4% | 4,9% | ... | ... |
| Erivan | 38,5% | 51,4% | 5,4% | 2,0% | 1,5% |
| Etchmiadzin | 62,4% | 29,0% | 7,8% | ... | ... |
List of the governors of Erivan Governorate.[6]
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